Advanced Placement US History (AP US History) Practice Exam

What was the primary social focus of the Middle Colonies compared to their northern neighbors?

1. Higher population density

2. Strict religious practices

3. More diverse economic activities

4. Isolationist foreign policy

The correct answer is: More diverse economic activities

The primary social focus of the Middle Colonies was characterized by more diverse economic activities compared to their northern neighbors. This region, which included Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware, was marked by a mix of agricultural and manufacturing enterprises. The fertile land allowed for successful farming, including crops like wheat and corn, which were significant for both local consumption and export. In addition to agriculture, the Middle Colonies developed a variety of industries, including textiles, shipbuilding, and lumber production, due to their favorable geography and access to waterways. This economic diversity fostered a melting pot of cultures, as people from different backgrounds, including English, Dutch, German, Swedish, and various African communities, settled in the region. In contrast, the northern colonies were more homogenous in terms of both population and economic focus, with a stronger emphasis on Puritan religious practices and a more limited range of economic activities primarily centered around small-scale farming and trade. The Middle Colonies' social fabric reflected this economic diversity and inclusivity, contributing to a more pluralistic society.